MD. SHAKIL SARKER

  আমরা মানুষ নিজেদের খুব গুরুত্বপূর্ণ ভাবি। ইতিহাস, ধর্ম, রাষ্ট্র, আদর্শ—সবকিছুতেই মানুষ নিজেকে কেন্দ্র বানিয়েছে। কিন্তু মানুষকে যদি অনুভূতির বদলে সংখ্যা, জীববিজ্ঞান আর শক্তির সূত্র দিয়ে দেখা হয়, তাহলে ছবিটা অনেক কম রোমান্টিক হয়ে যায়। তখন মানুষ আর কোনো “বিশেষ সৃষ্টি” থাকে না, বরং শক্তির একটি অস্থায়ী ও সংগঠিত রূপে পরিণত হয়। একজন গড় মানুষ দিনে প্রায় ২ কেজি করে খাবার খায়। গড় আয়ু ৭০ বছর ধরলে, একজন মানুষ তার পুরো জীবনে প্রায় ৫০ থেকে ৬০ টন খাবার গ্রহণ করে। প্রশ্নটা হলো—এই বিপুল খাবার খেয়ে আমরা আসলে কী তৈরি করি? উত্তরটা অস্বস্তিকর। মানুষের শরীর কোনো স্থির বস্তু না; এটা একটা চলমান জৈবিক কারখানা। প্রতিদিন আমাদের শরীরে প্রায় ৫০ থেকে ৭০ বিলিয়ন কোষ মারা যায়। ওজন হিসেবে প্রতিদিন প্রায় ৫০ থেকে ১০০ গ্রাম মৃত কোষ তৈরি হয়। এই হিসাবে একজন মানুষ সারাজীবনে প্রায় ১ থেকে ২ টন নিজের শরীর হারায়। অর্থাৎ, আমরা ৫০ টনের বেশি খাবার খেয়ে শেষ পর্যন্ত খুব অল্প পরিমাণে নিজেকে গড়ে তুলি। বাকিটা তাপ, মল, মূত্র আর কার্বন ডাই অক্সাইড হয়ে পরিবেশে ছড়িয়ে যায়। এই দৃষ্টিকোণ থেকে দেখলে জীবন আর মৃত্যু আলাদা ঘটনা নয়। জীবন মানে...

  1971 did not fall from the sky. It was not an emotional outburst, nor the result of sudden hatred. It was the predictable outcome of long-term political, economic, and institutional discrimination embedded in the Pakistani state. To understand 1971, one must first understand the logic of Pakistan’s creation. The Lahore Resolution and Its Distortion The 1940 Lahore Resolution, proposed by A.K. Fazlul Huq of Bengal, spoke of “Independent States” in the Muslim-majority regions of north-western and eastern India. The wording was deliberately plural and ambiguous. It allowed the possibility of autonomous, self-governing Muslim regions, not a highly centralized state. However, under Muhammad Ali Jinnah’s insistence on the Two-Nation Theory and through the hurried Radcliffe partition, this ambiguity was resolved in favor of a single, centralized Pakistan—geographically split into two wings separated by more than a thousand miles of hostile territory. Assam, which could have naturally al...

  Over recent months, a claim has been circulating that drinking tea and coffee can protect you from high blood pressure and heart disease — and that adding milk somehow undermines this benefit. At first glance, this sounds compelling: plant compounds called polyphenols are often touted as “heart-healthy,” and tea and coffee are two of the most commonly consumed sources worldwide. But what does rigorous science actually say? A large new analysis published in BMC Medicine followed more than 3,100 British adults for over a decade to examine how long-term intake of polyphenol-rich foods and beverages affects cardiovascular risk scores. The researchers created a dietary scoring system that captured habitual consumption of key polyphenol sources — from tea and coffee to berries, whole grains, nuts, and olive oil. Those with higher scores tended to have lower predicted cardiovascular disease risk, lower diastolic blood pressure, and higher HDL cholesterol, a favorable lipid marker. ...

Many people grow up hearing that vegetables are “the richest sources of vitamins,” but this idea is scientifically incomplete. Vegetables certainly contain vitamins and protective compounds, but when we examine nutrient density and bioavailability—the body’s ability to absorb and use nutrients—it becomes clear that vegetables are not the most concentrated or effective sources of essential micronutrients. In fact, for most crucial vitamins and minerals such as retinol (vitamin A), vitamin D, vitamin K2, B12, heme iron, zinc, taurine, DHA/EPA, and choline, animal-based foods consistently rank far higher both in quantity and absorbability. Vegetables often provide vitamins in precursor forms that require complex biochemical conversion. For example, plants provide beta-carotene instead of active vitamin A, and this conversion can be inefficient and highly variable. Plant iron exists as non-heme iron, which the human body absorbs poorly. The same is true for zinc, which is blocked by phytat...

Losing a phone is more than losing a device—it means losing access to your digital identity, contacts, banking apps, photos, and even your personal security. Most people panic only after their phone disappears. But with a little preparation, a lost phone becomes a manageable problem instead of a disaster. This guide explains exactly what information you must save in advance, why it matters, and how it helps you recover or secure your phone if it ever gets lost or stolen. --- 1. Save Your IMEI Number — The Most Critical Identifier Your phone’s IMEI (International Mobile Equipment Identity) is like its fingerprint. If the device is lost, your mobile operator or police can use this number to: Block the phone on all networks Track its last connected cell tower (in some cases) Verify that the phone truly belongs to you Where to find it: Dial *#06# Phone box Settings → About phone If you save nothing else, save this. --- 2. Keep Your Purchase Box and Receipt Your phone’s box contains: IMEI S...

History and social science reveal that any ideology—whether religious beliefs, political doctrines, or individual-centered narratives like narcissism—tends to follow a similar pattern among its followers. The vast majority of adherents live ordinary, peaceful lives. They remain silent, inactive, and rarely engage in leadership struggles or seek power. Yet, within this large majority, a small minority becomes extremist. These extremists believe they are most suited for leadership and entitled to wield power. It is the actions of this small extremist minority that ultimately shape the trajectory of the entire group. The silent majority, often unknowingly, supports or enables these extremist activities, creating the social and psychological conditions necessary for the reproduction of extremism. Social scientists and historians refer to this phenomenon as the “Silent majority effect.” Historical and contemporary evidence shows that extremists are disproportionately responsible for organiz...