Anaemia | রক্তস্বল্পতা

Anaemia: Anaemia is the deficiency in the number or quality of red blood cells in the body.

Causes of anaemia: excessive blood loss, reduced production of RBC, excessive destruction of blood cell ,destruction of bone marrow etc.

Types  of anaemia

There are many types of anaemia.

Iron deficiency anaemia: It is anaemia due to insufficient supply of iron to bone marrow.

Causes of iron deficiency anaemia: excessive blood loss, increase physiological demand for iron, inadequate iron intake, impaired absorption of iron etc.

Aplastic anaemia: Aplastic anaemia is a disorder in which the bone marrow fails to make enough blood cells.

Causes of aplastic anaemia: drugs like vincristine etc, certain chemicals like TNT, DDT etc, certain physical agents like x-ray etc, is responsible for aplastic anaemia.

Megaloblastic anaemia: Megaloblastic anaemia is a anaemia in which  the bone marrow produce large, abnormal, immature RBC. Causes of megaloblastic anaemia: deficiency of vitamin B12 , folic acid and drugs like para aminosalicylic acid, neomycin etc are responsible for megaloblastic anaemia.

Hemolytic anaemia: It is a anaemia resulting from increased rate of RBC destruction.

Pernicious anaemia: It is a anaemia resulting from the failure of secretion of intrinsic factor by stomach due to gastric atrophy which leads to impaired absorption of dietary vitamin B12. It is a anaemia that is occurred due to lack of vitamin B12. The body needs vitamin B12 to make RBC.

Thalassemia: Thalassemia is an inherited blood disorder characterized by decreased hemoglobin production.

Sickle cell anaemia: Sickle cell anaemia is an inherited red blood cell disorder in which there are not enough healthy red blood cell to carry oxygen throughout the body. The sickling occurs because of a mutation in the hemoglobin gene. Sickling decreases the cell flexibility. Types of sickle cell anaemia: homozygous state and heterozygous state.